______ (usually the importer) , ________ (usually the exporter), issuing bank and advising bank are the 4 fundamental parties.

_____ is usually a bank in the country of the importer. A: The opening bank B: The advising bank C: The negotiating bank D: The beneficiary

Once the importer refuses to pay by collection, the will be responsible for the cargo release, customs clearance, warehousing, and reselling in the importing country.

Payment in advance usually takes place when the importer has not long been established.

In international trade, the commission is usually collected by ___________. A: the exporter B: the importer C: the insurance company D: the intermediary