Youareaskedtoreadthepassageaboutproposalwritingandthedotheexercisesgivenbelow.WritingyourproposalWhetheryouarelimitedtoonepage(aspartofaUniversityapplicationformoranenquiryform)orarerequiredtoproducesomethingmoresubstantialforanexternalfunder,therulesaboutwritingagoodresearchproposalarethesame.Youwanttostandoutfromthecrowdandhavethebestchanceofbeingselected.Thisguidehighlightsthe“GoldenRules”andprovidestipsonhowtowriteagoodresearchapplication.Prospectiveresearchstudentsmayfinditusefulwhenaskedtoprovidearesearchstatementaspartoftheiruniversityapplicationoraninformalenquiryform.UniversityapplicationsSecuringfundingdoesnotalwaysguaranteeanofferofaplaceattheuniversityyouareapplyingto.Whetheryouareapplyingtoconductyourownresearchortoundertakeanadvertisedproject,youwillneedtoapplyforaplaceattheuniversityofyourchoicebeforeoratthesametimeasyourapplicationforfunding.Auniversityapplicationforpostgraduatestudyismostlikelytoincludearesearchproposaland/orapersonalstatement,evenifyouareapplyingforafundedprojectdefinedbytheprospectivesupervisor.GoldenrulesforpostgraduateresearchproposalsContents:•Beclear,objective,succinctandrealisticinyourobjectives•Askyourselfwhythisresearchshouldbefundedand/orwhyyouarethebestpersontoundertakethisproject•Askyourselfwhythisresearchisimportantand/ortimely•Stateandjustifyyourobjectivesclearly(“becauseitisinteresting”isnotenough!)•Makesureyouanswerthequestions:howwilltheresearchbenefitthewidersocietyorcontributetotheresearchcommunity?Style:•Ifspaceallows,provideaclearprojecttitle•Structureyourtext–ifallowedusesectionheadings•Presenttheinformationinshortparagraphsratherthanasolidblockoftext•Writeshortsentences•Ifallowed,provideimages/charts/diagramstohelpbreakupthetextTheprocess:•Identifyprospectivesupervisorsanddiscussyourideawiththem•Avoidblanketgenerale-mailstoseveralprospectivesupervisors•Allowplentyoftime–arushedproposalwillshow•Getfeedbackfromyourprospectivesupervisorandbepreparedtotaketheircommentsonboard•Ifapplyingtoanexternalfundingagency,rememberthatthereviewermaynotbeanexpertinyourfieldofresearch•SticktotheguidelinesandrememberthedeadlineWhattoputinyourproposal?ApplicationprocessesaredifferentforeachUniversitysomakesuretofollowtherelevantguidelinesprovidedbytheinstitutionyouareapplyingto.However,ifyouarenotgivenanyguidelinesonhowtoformatyourresearchproposal,youcouldadoptthesuggestedstructurebelow.Thisisalsorelevantifyouareapplyingforexternalfundingoraskingyouremployertosponsoryoutoundertakearesearchdegree.Suggestedstructureforaresearchproposal:•Titleandabstract•Backgroundinformation/briefsummaryofexistingliterature•Thehypothesisandtheobjectives•Methodology•Howtheresearchwillbecommunicatedtothewidercommunity•Thesupervisoryprovisionaswellasspecialistandtransferableskillstraining•Ethicalconsiderations•SummaryandconclusionsWritingtheproposalWhenwritingyourproposal,bearinmindthatindividualsreviewingyourapplicationwilloftenhavetoreadalargenumberofproposals/applications.So,well-presentedandclearlywrittenproposalsaremorelikelytostickinthereviewer’smind.Avoidlongandconvolutedtitles.Youwillgetanopportunitytogivemoredetailinyourintroduction.Adoptedfrom:https://www.ed.ac.uk/files/imports/fileManager/HowToWriteProposal090415.pdfNowfinishthefollowingsentencewiththeinformationfromtheabovepassagea)Whetheryouareapplyingtoconductyourownresearchortoundertakeanadvertisedproject,youwillneedto______beforeoratthesametimeasyourapplicationforfunding.

2021-04-14

Youareaskedtoreadthepassageaboutproposalwritingandthedotheexercisesgivenbelow.WritingyourproposalWhetheryouarelimitedtoonepage(aspartofaUniversityapplicationformoranenquiryform)orarerequiredtoproducesomethingmoresubstantialforanexternalfunder,therulesaboutwritingagoodresearchproposalarethesame.Youwanttostandoutfromthecrowdandhavethebestchanceofbeingselected.Thisguidehighlightsthe“GoldenRules”andprovidestipsonhowtowriteagoodresearchapplication.Prospectiveresearchstudentsmayfinditusefulwhenaskedtoprovidearesearchstatementaspartoftheiruniversityapplicationoraninformalenquiryform.UniversityapplicationsSecuringfundingdoesnotalwaysguaranteeanofferofaplaceattheuniversityyouareapplyingto.Whetheryouareapplyingtoconductyourownresearchortoundertakeanadvertisedproject,youwillneedtoapplyforaplaceattheuniversityofyourchoicebeforeoratthesametimeasyourapplicationforfunding.Auniversityapplicationforpostgraduatestudyismostlikelytoincludearesearchproposaland/orapersonalstatement,evenifyouareapplyingforafundedprojectdefinedbytheprospectivesupervisor.GoldenrulesforpostgraduateresearchproposalsContents:•Beclear,objective,succinctandrealisticinyourobjectives•Askyourselfwhythisresearchshouldbefundedand/orwhyyouarethebestpersontoundertakethisproject•Askyourselfwhythisresearchisimportantand/ortimely•Stateandjustifyyourobjectivesclearly(“becauseitisinteresting”isnotenough!)•Makesureyouanswerthequestions:howwilltheresearchbenefitthewidersocietyorcontributetotheresearchcommunity?Style:•Ifspaceallows,provideaclearprojecttitle•Structureyourtext–ifallowedusesectionheadings•Presenttheinformationinshortparagraphsratherthanasolidblockoftext•Writeshortsentences•Ifallowed,provideimages/charts/diagramstohelpbreakupthetextTheprocess:•Identifyprospectivesupervisorsanddiscussyourideawiththem•Avoidblanketgenerale-mailstoseveralprospectivesupervisors•Allowplentyoftime–arushedproposalwillshow•Getfeedbackfromyourprospectivesupervisorandbepreparedtotaketheircommentsonboard•Ifapplyingtoanexternalfundingagency,rememberthatthereviewermaynotbeanexpertinyourfieldofresearch•SticktotheguidelinesandrememberthedeadlineWhattoputinyourproposal?ApplicationprocessesaredifferentforeachUniversitysomakesuretofollowtherelevantguidelinesprovidedbytheinstitutionyouareapplyingto.However,ifyouarenotgivenanyguidelinesonhowtoformatyourresearchproposal,youcouldadoptthesuggestedstructurebelow.Thisisalsorelevantifyouareapplyingforexternalfundingoraskingyouremployertosponsoryoutoundertakearesearchdegree.Suggestedstructureforaresearchproposal:•Titleandabstract•Backgroundinformation/briefsummaryofexistingliterature•Thehypothesisandtheobjectives•Methodology•Howtheresearchwillbecommunicatedtothewidercommunity•Thesupervisoryprovisionaswellasspecialistandtransferableskillstraining•Ethicalconsiderations•SummaryandconclusionsWritingtheproposalWhenwritingyourproposal,bearinmindthatindividualsreviewingyourapplicationwilloftenhavetoreadalargenumberofproposals/applications.So,well-presentedandclearlywrittenproposalsaremorelikelytostickinthereviewer’smind.Avoidlongandconvolutedtitles.Youwillgetanopportunitytogivemoredetailinyourintroduction.Adoptedfrom:https://www.ed.ac.uk/files/imports/fileManager/HowToWriteProposal090415.pdfNowfinishthefollowingsentencewiththeinformationfromtheabovepassagea)Whetheryouareapplyingtoconductyourownresearchortoundertakeanadvertisedproject,youwillneedto______beforeoratthesametimeasyourapplicationforfunding.

答案：

applyforaplaceattheuniversityofyourchoice

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内容

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<b style="text-rendering:optimizeLegibility; font-weight:bold; margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px; outline:0px; font-style:inherit; font-variant:inherit; font-stretch:inherit; font-size:inherit; line-height:1.4em; font-family:inherit; vertical-align:baseline"> 实践题（请根据以下给定的研究情境回答问题） 有学者想要研究中国城市中农民工的城市定居意愿，基于对移民研究的相关文献阅读，发现对于移民的定居意愿到底是由就业与收入预期（经济动机因素）、还是他们在流入地和流出地的社会交往与融入程度（社会融入因素）决定，学者们还存在争论。基于此，学者通过对中国城市农民工的问卷调查数据来检验其定居意愿是受经济因素还是社会融入因素的影响。 （1）这是一项什么类型的研究？
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本课程中老师共带我们鉴赏了近百首唐宋词作，相信大家已经掌握了唐宋词鉴赏的方法，请阅读苏轼《临江仙.夜幕归皋》，回答以下问题（30分）。 苏轼《临江仙.夜幕归皋》 夜饮东坡醒复醉，归来仿佛三更。家童鼻息已雷鸣。敲门都不应，倚杖听江声。 长恨此身非我有，何时忘却营营。夜阑风静縠纹平。小舟从此逝，江海寄余生。 你认为所选词作中哪一联写的最为精妙？谈谈你的理解（9分）。</li> 指出词作中用到的艺术表现手法，并加以分析（9分）。</li> 掌握意象,感悟意境，分析词中表达的思想感情和价值理念（12分）。</li> </ol>
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A
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人工自然观的主要观点（ ）。
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（ ）是军队用于判断方位的常用工具。