• 2022-06-06
    Please comment on the following statement: In classifying the English consonants and vowels, the same criteria can be applied. (湖南大学)
  • This statement is false. Consonants are sounds produced with some restriction or closure in the vocal tract that impedes the flow of air from the lungs. By contrast, vowels are sounds produced without such constriction of the airflow. Consonants are classified according to the place of articulation and the manner of articulation. For example, based on the place of articulation, i.e. the point where an obstruction to the flow of air is made in producing a consonant, consonants can be divided into bilabial sounds like [p, b, m], labiodental sounds like [f, v], to just name a few. However, as vowels do not involve the obstructions of the airstream, they cannot be described in the same way as the consonants as to how and where the obstruction is made. Vowels can be categorized according to the position of tongue, tenseness as well as roundness of lips when uttering these vowels. In light of tongue position, vowels fall into front vowels, central vowels and back vowels. In terms of tenseness, there are tense vowels and lax vowels. As for lip rounding, vowels are classified into rounded vowels like [uː], [ʊ], [ɔː], [ɒ], and unrounded vowels like [iː], [ɪ], [e], [æ].

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      The knowledge of English phonetics (Sounds of English) basically comprises ‏‎ and .‏‎‏ A: vowels; consonants B: American; British English C: words; sentences D: phonetic segments; suprasegments

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      中国大学MOOC: Consonants are formed by interrupting, narrowing or diverting the airflow in a variety of ways. There are three ways of classifying the English consonant sounds: __________ of articulation, manner of articulation and voicing.

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      What are the features of vowels and consonants?