举一反三
- According to the passage, a great variety of influenza strains can appear when_____.
- It can be inferred from the passage that all of the following are ways of producing new strains of influenza viruses EXCEPT _____.
- It can be inferred from the passage that all of the following are with of producing new strains of influenza viruses except ______ . A: two influenza viruses in the same animal recombining B: animal viruses recombining with human viruses C: two animal viruses recombining in one animal D: two animal viruses recombining in a human
- Some strains of bacteria are so harmful that a tiny few can have deadly _______.
- View the video clip and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the video? A: Human beings are the only species that can catch the flu. B: Some animals can contract certain strains of the influenza virus. C: Animals may transmit the influenza virus to humans. D: The flu can escalate from a snotty nose, needing bed rest to a global pandemic.
内容
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New strains of viruses are transmitted to man by_____.
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Viruses can reproduce on their own and destroy host cells while bacteria cannot.
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The flu is a highly (1) respiratory illness. It turns up year after year with devastating consequences, all caused by a most elusive virus. The influenza, or flu virus, is a recurring nightmare. It causes more than 36,000 deaths in the U.S each year, and was responsible for some of history’s deadliest pandemics. Like other viruses, the flu virus is a parasite. The viral agent itself called, a virion, is made of ribonucleic acid or RNA surrounded by proteins. The flu virus uses two proteins to attack its host, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase or the HA and NA proteins. The HA protein attaches a virus to a cell and lets it in. Once the virus is inside, it multiplies. Then the NA protein cuts this (2) swarm loose, sending it off to infect more cells. This triggers the immune system to bombard the swarm and to destroy infected tissue throughout the respiratory system. Unfortunately, this response can also inadvertently lead to death through organ failure or secondary infections like (3) pneumonia. The flu virus has been nearly impossible to eradicate, largely due to its uncanny ability to mutate. Since just 2004, more than 5,000 different strains of the influenza virus have been sequenced. Those that affect humans are categorized as Types A, B or C, with Type A strains being the most capable of unleashing a pandemic. Influenza A viruses mutate more rapidly, allowing them to adapt to new hosts and even cross species. Avian flu and Swine flu, for instance, are two strains of Type A viruses that through mutations, can be transmitted from birds and pigs to humans. One of the deadliest flu (4) was caused by one such virus. Between 1918 and 1919, the Spanish flu infected a third of the global population and killed up to 50 million people worldwide. Called H1N1, this particular strain of virus likely came from birds. The threat of another influenza pandemic remains. In the meantime, scientists are constantly monitoring the flu virus and developing seasonal (5) to create our best line of defense.
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More than 5,000 different strains of the influenza virus have been sequenced.
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The representative strain that can represent the typical characteristics of a strain is called ( ). A: Model species B: Typical species C: Representative species D: Reference species