举一反三
- Bioavailability is: A: Amount of drug that reach the systemic circulation B: Drug metabolized in liver before the drug reaches the systemic circulation C: Drug metabolized in liver after the drug reaches the systemic circulation D: Maximum by rectal route
- For systemic effects, a drug may be placed directly to the desired site of action.
- Which route of drug's bioavailability is the lowest?
- Which route of administration is MOST likely to subject a drug to a first-pass effect? A: IV B: Inhalational C: Oral D: Sublingual E: IM
- The first-pass effect occurs most often after which route of drug administration: A: Sublingual B: Intravenous C: Oral D: Subcutaneous E: Inhalation
内容
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Bioavailability of drugs is A: established by FDA regulation at 100% for preparations for intramuscular injection B: 100% for oral preparations that are not metabolized in the liver C: calculated from the peak concentration of drug divided by the dose administered D: important because bioavailability determines what fraction of the administered dose reaches the systemic circulation E: equal to 1 (100%) only for drugs administered by any parenteral route
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Which of the following adverse reactions is an altered physiological state produced by repeated administration of a drug which necessitates the continued presence of the drug to maintain physiological equilibrium? A: Idiosyncratic reaction B: Residual effects C: Drug dependence D: Rebound reaction E: Drug allergic reaction
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Which route of administration could enable a drug to reachthe highest level in serum? A: local administration ; B: oral route; C: Intramuscular injection, D: IV route.
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6 __________________is the study of drug effects at the population level. It is concerned with the variability of drug effects between ______________in a population, and between_____________.
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The<br/>crude drug which has the effects of“moderating drug” is<br/>____. A: Rhubarb B: Clove C: Senna<br/>Leaf D: Licorice<br/>Root E: Ginseng