Exercise 15 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: When you close your eyes and try to think of the shape of your own body, what you image (or rather, what you feel) is quite different from what you see when you open your eyes and look in the mirror. The image you feel is much vaguer than the one you see. And if you lie still, it is quite hard to imagine yourself as having any particular size or shape. When you move, when feel the weight of your arms and legs and the natural resistance of the objects around you, the “felt” image of yourself starts to become clearer. It almost as if it were created by your own actions and the feeling they cause. The image you create for yourself has rather strange proportions: certain parts feel much larger than they look. If you get a hole in one of your teeth, it feels enormous; you are often surprised by how small it looks when you inspect it in the mirror. But although the “felt” image may not have the shape you see in the mirror, it is much more important. It is the image through which you recognize your physical existence in the world. In spite of its proportions, it is all one piece, and since it has a consistence right and left and top and bottom, it allows you to locate new feelings when they occur. It allows you to find your nose in the dark and point to a pain. If the felt image is damaged for any reason---if it is cut in half or lost it often is after certain strokes which wipe out recognition of one entire side---these tasks become almost impossible. What is more, it becomes hard to make sense of one’s own visual appearance. If one half of the “felt” image is wipe out or injured, the patient stops recognizing the affected part of his body. It is hard for him to find the location of feelings one that side, and, although he feels the doctor’s touch, he locates it as being on the undamaged side. 1. In which of the following situation will you find your image most vague? A. When looking into the mirror. B. When lying in bed with closed eyes. C. When standing. D. When walking. 2.When you concentrate on the image of a certain part of your body, the part will look______ to you. A. smaller and usual B. smaller than any other part of the body C. larger than it really is D. larger than any other part of the body 3. Why is the felt image important? A. Because it is larger than the part of the body. B. Because it is smaller than the part of the body. C. Because it replaces all other feelings. D. Because it provides a useful framework for your feelings. 4. The underlined “these tasks” in the last paragraph does NOT mean______. A. locating new feelings B. cutting the image in half C. recognizing one’s physical existence in the world D. pointing to your nose in the dark 5. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. One’s Real Image and Felt Image. B. One’s Felt Image Is Not Real. C. The Advantages and Disadvantages of One’s Felt Image. D. The Functions of One’s Felt Image. Passage Two Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked:” So, how have you been?” And the boy-who could not have been more than seven or eight years old-replied: “Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.” This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school. The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to. Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. Why? Human development is based not only on innate(天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders. In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately, to all viewers alike, children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures. Communication through print , as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials. 6. According to the author, feeling depressed is ___________. A. a sure sign of a psychological problem in a child B. something hardly to be expected in a young child C. an inevitable phase of children’s mental development D. a mental state present in all humans, including children 7. Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world __________. a) through contact with society b) gradually and under guidance c) naturally and by biological instinct d) through exposure to social information 8. The phenomenon that today’s children seem adult-like is attributed by the author to _______. A. the widespread influence of television B. the poor arrangement of teaching content C. the fast pace of human intellectual development D. the constantly rising standard of living 9. Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children? A. It enables children to gain more social information. B. It develops children’s interest in reading and writing. C. It helps children to memorize and practice more. D. It can control what children are to learn. 10. What does the author think of the change in today’s children? A. He feels amused by their premature behavior. B. He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note. C. He considers it a positive development. D. He seems to be upset about it. Passage Three Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstandings between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much about certain problems—and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child relationships. I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young. Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainments or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior; at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste. Sometimes you are resistant and proud, because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog: you can’t win but at least you can keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents’ control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself. If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially your parents, into doing things the ways you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do. 11. The author is primarily addressing _____. A. parents of teenagers B. those who give advice to teenagers C. newspaper readers D. teenagers 12. The first paragraph is mainly about _____. A. the teenagers’ criticism of their parents B. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents C. the dominance of the parents over their children D. the teenagers’ ability to deal with crises 13. Teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles because they _____. a) want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own b) have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste c) have no other way to enjoy themselves better d) want to irritate their parents 14. Teenagers do not want their parents to approve of whatever they do because they _____. a) have already been accepted into the adult world b) feel that they are superior in a small way to the adults c) are not likely to win over the adults d) have a desire to be independent 15. To improve parent-child relationships, teenagers are advised to be _____. A. obedient B. responsible C. co-operative D. independent
Exercise 15 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: When you close your eyes and try to think of the shape of your own body, what you image (or rather, what you feel) is quite different from what you see when you open your eyes and look in the mirror. The image you feel is much vaguer than the one you see. And if you lie still, it is quite hard to imagine yourself as having any particular size or shape. When you move, when feel the weight of your arms and legs and the natural resistance of the objects around you, the “felt” image of yourself starts to become clearer. It almost as if it were created by your own actions and the feeling they cause. The image you create for yourself has rather strange proportions: certain parts feel much larger than they look. If you get a hole in one of your teeth, it feels enormous; you are often surprised by how small it looks when you inspect it in the mirror. But although the “felt” image may not have the shape you see in the mirror, it is much more important. It is the image through which you recognize your physical existence in the world. In spite of its proportions, it is all one piece, and since it has a consistence right and left and top and bottom, it allows you to locate new feelings when they occur. It allows you to find your nose in the dark and point to a pain. If the felt image is damaged for any reason---if it is cut in half or lost it often is after certain strokes which wipe out recognition of one entire side---these tasks become almost impossible. What is more, it becomes hard to make sense of one’s own visual appearance. If one half of the “felt” image is wipe out or injured, the patient stops recognizing the affected part of his body. It is hard for him to find the location of feelings one that side, and, although he feels the doctor’s touch, he locates it as being on the undamaged side. 1. In which of the following situation will you find your image most vague? A. When looking into the mirror. B. When lying in bed with closed eyes. C. When standing. D. When walking. 2.When you concentrate on the image of a certain part of your body, the part will look______ to you. A. smaller and usual B. smaller than any other part of the body C. larger than it really is D. larger than any other part of the body 3. Why is the felt image important? A. Because it is larger than the part of the body. B. Because it is smaller than the part of the body. C. Because it replaces all other feelings. D. Because it provides a useful framework for your feelings. 4. The underlined “these tasks” in the last paragraph does NOT mean______. A. locating new feelings B. cutting the image in half C. recognizing one’s physical existence in the world D. pointing to your nose in the dark 5. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. One’s Real Image and Felt Image. B. One’s Felt Image Is Not Real. C. The Advantages and Disadvantages of One’s Felt Image. D. The Functions of One’s Felt Image. Passage Two Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked:” So, how have you been?” And the boy-who could not have been more than seven or eight years old-replied: “Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.” This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school. The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to. Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. Why? Human development is based not only on innate(天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders. In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately, to all viewers alike, children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures. Communication through print , as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials. 6. According to the author, feeling depressed is ___________. A. a sure sign of a psychological problem in a child B. something hardly to be expected in a young child C. an inevitable phase of children’s mental development D. a mental state present in all humans, including children 7. Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world __________. a) through contact with society b) gradually and under guidance c) naturally and by biological instinct d) through exposure to social information 8. The phenomenon that today’s children seem adult-like is attributed by the author to _______. A. the widespread influence of television B. the poor arrangement of teaching content C. the fast pace of human intellectual development D. the constantly rising standard of living 9. Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children? A. It enables children to gain more social information. B. It develops children’s interest in reading and writing. C. It helps children to memorize and practice more. D. It can control what children are to learn. 10. What does the author think of the change in today’s children? A. He feels amused by their premature behavior. B. He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note. C. He considers it a positive development. D. He seems to be upset about it. Passage Three Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstandings between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much about certain problems—and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child relationships. I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young. Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainments or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior; at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste. Sometimes you are resistant and proud, because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog: you can’t win but at least you can keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents’ control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself. If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially your parents, into doing things the ways you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do. 11. The author is primarily addressing _____. A. parents of teenagers B. those who give advice to teenagers C. newspaper readers D. teenagers 12. The first paragraph is mainly about _____. A. the teenagers’ criticism of their parents B. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents C. the dominance of the parents over their children D. the teenagers’ ability to deal with crises 13. Teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles because they _____. a) want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own b) have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste c) have no other way to enjoy themselves better d) want to irritate their parents 14. Teenagers do not want their parents to approve of whatever they do because they _____. a) have already been accepted into the adult world b) feel that they are superior in a small way to the adults c) are not likely to win over the adults d) have a desire to be independent 15. To improve parent-child relationships, teenagers are advised to be _____. A. obedient B. responsible C. co-operative D. independent