Which of the following are the causes of congestion? A: Local venous compression B: Local or systemic venous obstruction C: Cardiac failure D: Increase of vasoactive substances

The reliable variables reflecting tissue perfusion are () A: Central venous pressure B: Mean arterial pressure C: Systemic vascular resistance D: Venous oxygen saturation E: Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

Which one is the first line imaging methods for DVT diagnosis: A: CTV B: Venous ultrasound C: MRV D: Phlebography E: X-ray

常用的给药方法有：口服给药（） A: orally B: by intra venous C: per recto D: locally E: by lumbar

Where is the highest partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the body A: Venous blood B: capillary blood C: arterial blood D: interstitial fluid E: intracellular fluid

3. Which of the following hypoxia generally has no cyanosis? A: Respiratory insufficiency B: Suffocation C: Tissue oxygen disorder D: Venous blood doping E: Cardiac insufficiency

In a cardiac cycle, the average value of arterial blood pressure is<br/>called () A: Systolic pressure B: Diastolic pressure C: Pulse pressure D: Mean arterial pressure E: Central venous pressure

The mechanism of lower extremity edema in patients with right heart failure does not include: A: Increased capillary permeability B: Retention of sodium and water C: Systemic venous congestion D: Hypoproteinemia E: Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure

A neonate presents with dyspnea (shortness of breath) and cyanosis. The possible diagnoses include A: transposition of great vessels with patent ductus arteriosus B: tetralogy of Fallot C: total anomalous venous connection D: interventricular septal defect E: E

When furosemide is administered to a patient with acute pulmonary edema, there is often symptomatic relief within 5 minutes of starting treatment. This relief is primarily due to A: a rapid diuretic effect B: a direct effect on myocardial contractility C: psychological effects D: an increase in venous capacitance